Part Two: Measurement of User Perceptions
LibQUAL provided an analysis of the core and local questions
indicating user satisfaction as measured by perceived level, minimum
acceptable level, and desired level for each question. The core and
local questions are listed in the Appendix. Users were asked to
separately rank on a scale of 1-9 their minimum acceptable level, their
desired level, and their perception of the current level for each
question. Questions with responses showing that the perceived level is
greater than the minimum level are considered to be within the zone of
tolerance. Questions with responses indicating that the perceived level
is less than the minimum acceptable level are problem areas. Question
with responses indicating that the perceived level is more than the
desired level can indicate areas that exceed expectations. The
University of Maine did not have any areas that exceeded expectations.
2.1 Area Rankings for Core Questions
The core questions deal with the areas Affect of Service, Information
Control, and Library as Place. When user groups are combined, the perceived
means for all areas are higher than the minimum means. This puts all areas of
the library within the zone of tolerance. Looking at the users groups shows that
faculty and graduate students were not satisfied with the area of Information
Control. The following tables indicate the minimum mean, desired mean, and
perceived mean for the three core areas. Perceived means that are not within the
zone of tolerance are shown in bold. N represents the number of respondents.
| Table for Affect of
Service (People and Services) |
| User Group |
Minimum Mean |
Desired Mean |
Perceived Mean |
N |
| Undergraduate Students |
6.10 |
7.67 |
7.04 |
1,013 |
| Graduate Students |
6.48 |
7.93 |
7.32 |
295 |
| Faculty |
6.71 |
8/06 |
7.70 |
169 |
| All Users |
6.28 |
7.77 |
7.18 |
1,610 |
| Table for Information Control (Print and Online
Resources) |
| User Group |
Minimum Mean |
Desired Mean |
Perceived Mean |
N |
| Undergraduate Students |
6.37 |
7.94 |
7.05 |
1,013 |
| Graduate Students |
7.00 |
8.45 |
6.88 |
296 |
| Faculty |
7.05 |
8.37 |
6.60 |
169 |
| All Users |
6.59 |
8.08 |
6.97 |
1,610 |
| Table for Library as Place (Building and Equipment) |
| User Group |
Minimum Mean |
Desired Mean |
Perceived Mean |
N |
| Undergraduate Students |
6.32 |
7.92 |
7.29 |
1,013 |
| Graduate Students |
6.09 |
7.56 |
6.74 |
295 |
| Faculty |
5.80 |
7.15 |
6.39 |
163 |
| All Users |
6.21 |
7.72 |
7.06 |
1,602 |
2.2 Problem Areas for Core and Local Questions
Undergraduates showed no problem areas in the local or core questions.
Both graduate students and faculty indicated dissatisfaction for questions
within the area of Information Control. The combined scores of all users
indicate a problem area for the local question dealing with comprehensive
collections of online full-text articles. The following tables give the
minimum mean and the perceived mean. Perceived means that do not fall within
the zone of tolerance are shown in bold.
| Table for All Users Problem Area |
| Question |
Minimum Mean |
Perceived Mean |
N |
| LQ-1 Comprehensive collections of full-text articles online |
6.30 |
6.21 |
1,519 |
| Table for Faculty Problem Area |
| Question |
Minimum Mean |
Perceived Mean |
N |
| IC-1 Making electronic resources available from my home or
office |
7.13 |
6.72 |
165 |
| IC-2 A library Web site enabling me to locate information on my own |
7.14 |
7.01 |
167 |
| IC-3 The printed library materials I need for my work |
6.68 |
5.89 |
165 |
| IC-4 The electronic information resources I need |
7.19 |
6.18 |
163 |
| IC-8 Print and/or electronic journal collections I |
7.33 |
5.81 |
166 |
| LQ-1 Comprehensive collections of full-text articles online |
7.17 |
5.45 |
163 |
| Table for Graduate Students Problem Area |
| Question |
Minimum Mean |
Perceived Mean |
N |
| IC-1 Making electronic resources available from my home or
office |
6.99 |
6.67 |
292 |
| IC-4 The electronic information resources I need |
7.07 |
6.54 |
293 |
| IC-8 Print and/or electronic journal collections I require for
my work |
7.23 |
6.39 |
288 |
| LQ-1 Comprehensive collections of full-text articles online |
7.00 |
5.85 |
292 |
2.3 Measurement of Priorities
LibQUAL results were also used to assess priorities by examining the top
and bottom of rankings for desired level. The following tables give the top
three and bottom three desired library services based on desired rankings of
1-9.
Undergraduate student desired rankings showed that they place the
greatest importance on library hours, the online catalog, and the
building. Graduate students and faculty desired rankings selected the
same three questions dealing with Information Control.
| Table for Top Three Desired Library Aspects for
Undergraduate Students |
| Question | Mean |
| LQ-4 Adequate hours of service | 8.19 |
| LQ-5 URSUS, the online catalog, is user-friendly for finding books |
8.11 |
| LP-3 A comfortable and inviting location | 8.06 |
| Table for Top Three Desired Library Aspects for Graduate
Students and Faculty |
| Question |
Mean |
| | Graduate Students | Faculty |
| LQ-1 Comprehensive collections of full-text articles online |
8.67 |
8.53 |
| IC-1 Making electronic resources available from my home or office |
8.65 |
8.57 |
| IC-8 Print and/or electronic journal collections I need for my work |
8.61 |
8.63 |
2.4 General Satisfaction
Respondents were asked to rate their general satisfaction with the
library in three questions. Each question was ranked on a scale of 1-9. The
table below gives the questions and the mean scores for undergraduates,
graduate students, and faculty.
| Question |
Undergraduates |
Graduates |
Faculty |
All Users |
| In general, I am satisfied with the way in which I am treated in the
library. |
7.50 |
7.62 |
7.93 |
7.57 |
| In general, I am satisfied with library support for my learning,
research, and/or teaching needs.. |
7.19 |
6.84 |
6.33 |
7.01 |
| How would you rate the overall quality of the service provided by the
library? |
7.33 |
7.09 |
6.97 |
7.25 |
2.5 Information Literacy Outcomes Questions
Respondents were asked to rate literacy outcomes for five questions on a
scale of 1-9. The table below gives the mean scores for undergraduates,
graduate students, and faculty.
| Question |
Undergraduates |
Graduates |
Faculty |
All Users |
| The library helps me stay abreast of developments in my field(s) of
interest. |
6.12 |
6.09 |
5.83 |
6.09 |
| The library aids my advancement in my academic discipline. |
6.81 |
6.94 |
6.24 |
6.75 |
| The library enables me to be more efficient in academic pursuits. |
7.09 |
6.89 |
6.36 |
6.95 |
| The library helps me distinguish between trustworthy and nontrustworthy
information. |
6.35 |
5.84 |
5.70 |
6.16 |
| The library provides me with the information skills I need in my work or
study. |
6.56 |
6.34 |
5.99 |
6.45 |
2.6 Frequency of Library Use
Survey respondents were asked how frequently they used library resources
on site, accessed the library resources online, and used non-library
gateways such as Google. Respondents rated frequency by the following time
units: daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and never. The table below gives
the highest frequency for each group.
| Question |
Undergraduates |
Graduates |
Faculty |
| How often do you use resources on library premises? |
Weekly
42.70% (433) |
Weekly
46.28% (137) |
Weekly
42.60% (72) |
| How often do you access library resources through a library Web
page? |
Weekly
39.15% (397) |
Weekly
52.36% (155) |
Weekly
43.79% (74) |
| How often do you use Google, Yahoo, or non-library gateways? |
Daily
72.98% (740) |
Daily
69.93% (207) |
Daily
72.78% (123) |
2.7 Statistical Analysis
Pearson’s correlations were run to see if there were relationships
between frequency of library use and perceptions of library services. No
meaningful relationships were found. Univariate analysis of disciplines
and information control questions found significant results. However,
the levels of representation within disciplines make the results
unreliable.
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